第十一章

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陈牧：寡人闻，楚王多宠子，而世子之位不定，其乱不久矣，先生以为如何？萧凡：臣以为，楚必多乱，夫一兔走于街，万人追之，一人得之，万人不复走。分未定，则一兔走使万人扰；分已定，则虽贪夫知止。今楚多宠子，而嫡位无主，乱自是生矣。夫世子者，国之甚也，而百姓之望也。国既无基，又使百姓失望，绝其本矣。本绝则挠乱，犹兔走也，愿大王以此为鉴。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：Iheard，KingChuhadmanysons，Butthecrownprincehasnotyetbeendetermined，Sir，whatdoyouthink？xiaofan：Ithink，TherewilldefinitelybechaosinthefutureintheChuKingdom，Ifarabbitappears，thentherewillbealotofpeoplechasingit，Untilitgetscaught，IftheCrownPrinceisnotidentified，Thentherewillbealotofpeopletofight，Otherwise，thedisputewillnotstop，Today，therearetoomanysonsofKingChu，However，thecrownprincewasnotsure，Therefore，strifeisinevitable，TheCrownPrinceisthefoundationofthecountry，Heisaboutthewillofthepeople，Ifthecrownprinceisnotsure，thenthecountrywillgointochaos，So，Ihopeyoutakethisasawarning。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人欲知，何为道者也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，道者，万物之始，是非之纪也。是以明君守始以知万物之源，治纪以知善败之端。故虚静以待，令名自命也，令事自定也。虚则知实之情，静则知动者正。有言者自为名，有事者自为形，形名参同，君乃无事焉，归之其情也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，Whatarethelawsofheavenandearth？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Thelawofheavenandearthisthebeginningofeverything，Itisthestandardofcorrectnessornot，TheHolyKingknowsthetruthoftheworldaccordingtoit，Sotheydealwiththingsinatranquilstate，Onlybyremainingquietcanyouknowthetruth，Onlybyremainingquietcanyounotbefooledbythechaoticworld，Wordsareintangible，Thingsaretangible，Theycanbetransformedintoeachother，Onlybymasteringitcanyougovernthecountrywell。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人愿闻，何为人君之宝？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，人主之道，静退以为宝。不自操事而知拙与巧，不自计虑而知福与咎。是以不言而善应，不约而善增。言已应，则执其契；事已增，则操其符。符契之所合，赏罚之所生也。故群臣陈其言，君以其主授其事，事以责其功。功当其事，事当其言，则赏；功不当其事，事不当其言，则罚。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，Whatisthetreasureoftheholyking？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，TheHolyKingregardedthestateofstillnessasatreasure，Hedoesn'tdothingshimself，butheknowshowgoodorbadthingsare，Hedidn'tplanithimself，butheknewitwasdangerousornot，Hedidn'tdoanything，buthecouldseethetruth，Becauseofthis，thingsaredonesMoothly，Hejustneedstomasterrewardsandpunishments，Therefore，thecourtiersgavetheiropinions，ThentheHolyKingassignedthemthetask，TheHolyKingisonlyresponsiblefortheoutline，Herewardsthosewhoestablishmeritoriousservice，AndHepunishesthosewhomakemistakes，That'sall。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人闻，国无常强，无常弱。奉法者强，则国强；奉法者弱，则国弱，何也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，为今之时，能去私曲就公法者，民安而国治；能去私行行公法者，则兵强而敌弱。故审得失有法度之制者，加以群臣之上，则主不可欺以诈伪；审得失有权衡之称者，以听远事，则主不可欺以天下之轻重，愿大王察之。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，Thecountrywillnotalwaysbestrong，norwillitalwaysbeweak，Iftheruleoflawisenforced，thentheStatewillbestrong，Otherwise，thestatewillbeweak，Sirtaughtmewhy？xiaofan：Ithink，Inthisdayandage，ifyoucanpromotetheruleoflawratherthanpersonalinterests，Thenthecountrywillbestableandstrong，Ifyoucanenforcetheruleoflawandupholdfairnessandjustice，Thenthestatewillbestrongerthantheenemy，Soifyoucanenforcetheruleoflawtotheworld，Then，otherscannotdeceiveyou，Ifyouenforcetheruleoflaw，thenyouhaveinsightintoallthetruth，Whenothersreporttoyouongovernmentaffairs，Ihopeyoulearnfromthis。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人愿闻，何以垂拱而治？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，惇信明义，使天下厚行信，显忠义，崇德报功，有德尊以爵，有功报以禄，垂拱而天下治，言武王所行者也，所任得人，故垂拱而天下治。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，Howtogovernthecountrywell？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Integrityandloyaltyshouldbepromoted，Onlyinthiswaywillpeopleregardhonestyandloyaltyasglory，Respectmoralpeople，Rewardthosewhohavemerit，Givegoodpositionstoethicalpeople，Givegoodremunerationtothosewhohavemerit，Onlyinthiswaycanthecountrybewellgoverned，KingWuofZhoudidit。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人欲知，何为谏争者也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，夫谏争者，所以纳君于道，矫枉正非，救上之谬也，上苟有谬而无救焉，则害于事，害于事则危道也，故日，危而不持，颠而不扶，则将焉用彼相哉！陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，WhatistheMinisterwhoadvises？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Thereasonfortheiradvicewastoputthekingontherightpath，Theycorrectedtheplanintimetoavoidthekingmakingmistakes，Ifthekingmakesamistake，butnoonecorrectsit，Thenitwillhaveabadeffect，Itcanevenharmthecountry，therefore，Whenthecountryisindanger，ThePrimeMinisterdoesnotcorrectit，SowhatisthemeaningoftheexistenceofthePrimeMinister？chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人欲知，何为国士者也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，国士之为人，当理不避其难，临患忘利，遗生行义，视死如归。有如此者，是谓国士者也，国君不得而友，天子不得而臣。大者定天下，其次定一国，必由如此人者也。故人主之欲大立功名者，不可不务求此人也。贤主劳于求人，而佚于治事。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，Whatisthetalentatthenationallevel？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Asanationalleveltalent，Theydonotshyawayfromdifficulties，Theypracticejusticeandfacedeathgladly，Peoplewhocandothisarecallednational-leveltalents，Kingscannottreatthemasordinaryfriends，Atthesametime，kingscouldnottreatthemasordinaryministers，Peoplelikethemaretheretostabilizetheworldandthecountry，Therefore，ifthekingwantstoestablishgreatmerit，Thentheymustlookforsuchtalent，Wisekingsarebusylookingfortalent，Thentheydelegatetheaffairstothetalents，Thentheywillbeeasy。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。